Kant and the teleology of nature: on the aim of nature in Idea for a universal history with a cosmopolitan aim and the guarantee of nature in Toward perpetual peace

In Idea for a universal history in cosmopolitan intention (1784), Kant presents the concept of an intention of nature that gives meaning and purpose to the history of humanity.The concept of this intention is a regulative idea of theoretical reason, and is then grounded by the doctrine of these ideas presented by Kant in his Critique of Pure Reason

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Line operators in 4d Chern-Simons theory and Cherkis bows

We show that the phase spaces of a large family of line operators in 4d Chern-Simons theory with GL$_n$ gauge group are given by Cherkis bow varieties with $n$ crosses.These line operators are characterized by Hanany-Witten type Sodas brane constructions involving D3, D5, and NS5 branes in an $Omega$-background.Linking numbers of the five-branes an

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A New Ocean Rock Mass Rating and Its Application to Determine the Ultimate Bearing Capacity of an Offshore Wind Monopile Foundation

Offshore wind power is a new trend in renewable energy development.However, during the operation of offshore wind turbines, the rock-socketed monopile foundation is subjected to long-term cyclic loads, which will cause the seawater to erode the rock around the monopile foundation and reduce the ultimate end-bearing capacity.There is no suitable roc

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